The 7 minute rotator cuff solution pdf
MATERIALS AND METHODSAnthocyaninsThe anthocyanins used in the current research were extractedfrom the black soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr), as describedby Kim et al.13 They were generously provided by Sung-ChulShin, PhD (Department of Chemistry, Research Institute ofLife Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea).The purity and the composition of the anthocyanins wereanalyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
Additionally, the current study inves-tigated whether the underlying mechanism of action ofanthocyanins on oxidative stress-mediated tenofibro-blast cell death is related to mitogen-activated proteinkinases (MAPKs) activation and intracellular reactiveoxygen species (ROS) production. Therefore, we investigated the role ofanthocyanins in oxidative stress-mediated tenofibro-blast cell death. The cause of rotator cuff tear is disputed bothexogenous and endogenous theories have been devel-oped.57 Since neither of these theories completelyexplains the etiology of rotator cuff tear, a more recenttheory has emerged, of overuse combined with degener-ation.8 Most of the relevant research has focused onmechanical processes, with only rare studies examiningthe progression of rotator cuff tendon tear at themolecular biology level.9,10įibroblasts are major cellular components of rotatorcuff tendons, and play a role in the production of thetendon matrix.11,12 Apoptosis of rotator cuff tenofibro-blasts is known to be related to rotator cuff tendonrupture.9,10 Antioxidants have a strong antiapoptoticeffect on cells exposed to intracellular oxidative stress.However, which specific types of antioxidants are usefulin protecting rotator cuff tenofibroblasts from apoptosisis still unknown. The degenerationprogresses eventually to tendon rupture and glenohum-eral joint osteoarthritis.1 The incidence of partial or fullthickness rotator cuff tear and its attendant medicalcosts both increase in an aging population.24 The degeneration of the rotator cuff tendon is apathophysiologic process which is considered anunavoidable feature of human aging. Keywords: rotator cuff tenofibroblast apoptosis anthocyanins These findings suggest that anthocyanins, by suppressing JNK, ERK1/2, and intracellular ROS production,have a concentration-dependent antiapoptotic effect on rotator cuff tenofibroblasts exposed to an oxidative stressor, and may havetherapeutic potential. In contrast, treatment with anthocyanins decreased thisactivation of ERK1/2 and JNK, as confirmed by Western blot analysis, and reduced the production of ROS, as verified by fluorescentmicroscopic and FACS analyses. H2O2 increased the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) and of c-JunN-terminal kinase (JNK) and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Anthocyanins demonstrated a dose-dependent ability to inhibit H2O2-induced apoptosis in cultured tenofibroblasts, asassessed by MTT assay and FACS analysis. The current authors evaluated both the ability of anthocyanins,which are powerful antioxidants, to reduce apoptosis in oxidation-stressed rotator cuff tenofibroblasts, and the molecular mechanism for thisantiapoptotic action. Published online 9 March 2010 in Wiley InterScience (DOI 10.1002/jor.21097ĪBSTRACT: Degeneration of the rotator cuff tendon, which involves apoptosis of the tenofibroblasts, is one of the most common shoulderproblems that can lead eventually to a full-thickness rotator cuff tendon tear. Received 22 August 2009 accepted 3 December 2009 Hyung Bin Park,1 Young-Sool Hah,2 Jin-Won Yang,1 Jung-Been Nam,3 Se-Hyun Cho,1 Soon-Taek Jeong1ġDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 90 Chilamdong, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-251, Republic ofKorea, 2Clinical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea, 3Musculoskeletal Research Center,Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Gyeongnam 600-702, Republic of Korea Antiapoptotic Effects of Anthocyanins on Rotator Cuff Tenofibroblasts